The Levant during the late 12th and early 13th centuries functioned as a dynamic frontier between Islamic and Crusader political spheres. Seal matrices such as this were indispensable tools within that system.
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Zangids Nur al-Din Mahmud, AH 541-569 / AD 1146-1173. Fals (Bronze, 27 mm, 5.74 g, 6 h), Dim-ashq date off flan. In the field, ‘al-malik al-ʿādil’ (‘The just king’); above and below, central fleur-de-lis flanked by stars; in the margin, ‘al-ʿizz al-dāʾim wa al-ʿumr al-sālim wa al-naṣr al-khālid’ (‘Perpetual glory and healthy life and everlasting victory’).
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Greek letters in the field including T/I/Λ to the left and O and Є around the globus. Early Islamic period, Arab-Byzantine coinage. Large “M” denomination mark with cross above and A below. Exergue reading CON, imitating Byzantine mint signatures.
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Mint: Tayyib Region. The present example belongs to the cruder provincial bronze series often associated with local circulation throughout the Holy Land and surrounding regions during the late 7th century AD.
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Umayyad Caliphate Standing Caliph AE Fals Holy Land Levant 693-700AD Authentic Islamic Coin. Culture: Early Islamic / Umayyad Caliphate. The obverse depicts the Caliph standing facing, wearing Arab dress with sword at his side, representing both political and religious authority during the rapid expansion and consolidation of the Umayyad Caliphate.
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Correct Qajaric construction with cast bronze handle and hand-carved stone sealing surface. No indications of modern tooling or reproduction. Culture: Qajaric Islamic world. Muhammad was especially favored on seals as a declaration of faith and spiritual identity.
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Ancient Islamic Umayyad Anonymous Fals Amman Type SNA Tübingen 493 Very Rare Genuine. These provincial fulus were struck for local circulation and are known for their regional calligraphic variations and compact flans.
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Umayyad Caliphate AE Fals Jund Filastin Holy Land 7th-8th Century AD Authentic. An authentic bronze fals struck during the Umayyad Caliphate in the historic Holy Land region, traditionally associated with the administrative district known in early Islamic sources as Jund Filastin.
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Such rings were commonly worn as tokens of pilgrimage (ziyarah / hajj) and served as personal devotional objects. This bronze devotional ring features an oval bezel engraved in Arabic script. Culture: Islamic, Holy Cities tradition.
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Culture: Early Islamic (Umayyad Period). Type: Administrative Lead Seal (Bulla). Lead seals of this class are associated with provincial governance and fiscal administration during the early Islamic caliphates.
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